The Schemata of the Stars: Byzantine Astronomy from A.D. 1300 Review

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The Schemata of the Stars: Byzantine Astronomy from A.D. 1300 ReviewThis book studies planetary models, described in a Byzantine article, written at the end of the 13th century by the medical doctor and amateur astronomer Gregory Chioniades. The Byzantine manuscript describes the motion of the sun, the moon and the five planets, gives parameters for their trajectories and, in addition, contains thirteen pages with diagrams. The book presents the first edition of the original text (Vat.Gr. 211 ff 106v-121r), its English translation and an extensive analysis of its content. At the exhibit "Rome Reborn" in the Library of Congress, the Byzantine article was described as "one short and confused treatise, translated by Gregory Chioniades, ..." . It is commendable that the authors Paschos and Sotiroudis make a serious effort to analyse the difficult text and compare its contents with Arabic and Persian schools of thought (Ibn-ash-Shatir and al-Tusi) and with the heliocentric models of Copernicus and Newton. They point out the influences that astronomy received from the East and the transmission of the new methods to the West. They show that Chioniades is a master in handling planar rotations and utilizes them to improve the trajectories of the moon and Mercury. The book shows that the ancient astronomical tradition flourished in Byzantium and the classical methods were modified, in a few cases, to include more accurate description of the paths of the planets as a function of time. In addition to historical remarks and comparisons, the book contains analytical methods, which are useful to students of history of sciences.The Schemata of the Stars: Byzantine Astronomy from A.D. 1300 OverviewAn edited version and translation of a Byzantine article which contains advanced astronomical ideas and pre-Copernican diagrams. The article presents improvements on ancient and late-medieval astronomy. The authors of the book survey the development of astronomical models from Ptolemy to Byzantium and compares them mathematically with the works of Arab astronomers, as well as with the heliocentric system of Copernicus and Newton.

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